Infants begin exploring their environment through sensory experiences, developing early cognitive, communication, and physical abilities such as watching objects, making cooing sounds, and showing basic reflexive movements.

Babies start to engage more actively with their surroundings, showing increased control over movements, beginning to laugh, and responding to familiar voices and names, while also developing self-soothing behaviors.

Infants demonstrate purposeful actions like transferring objects between hands, responding to music, and showing preferences for certain toys, as they continue to refine motor skills and imitate familiar actions.

Babies engage in more complex play, such as looking at pictures, following simple commands, and moving independently, while also beginning to understand object permanence and basic social interactions.

Toddlers start to explore the world more independently, using simple words, engaging in pretend play, and demonstrating early problem-solving skills through activities like placing objects into containers.

Toddlers expand their vocabulary and begin using two-word phrases, matching objects to pictures, and showing pride in their accomplishments, all while improving fine motor skills and social interactions.

Children develop greater independence, recognizing shapes, colors, and numbers, using more complex sentences, and showing increased understanding of social rules and turn-taking.

Preschoolers refine their cognitive and communication skills, identifying their own gender, stacking objects by size, and understanding basic concepts like "big" and "little," while also engaging in more cooperative play.